Beauty and the Beast: Analysis
Fairy tales are not just stories; they are profound narratives that explore the complexities of the human psyche and impart valuable life lessons. “Beauty and the Beast,” a timeless classic, exemplifies this notion by ingeniously employing various literary and psychological tropes that guide its characters on a path of self-discovery and transformation. In this essay, we will delve into the enchanting world of “Beauty and the Beast” with a focus on tropes such as oedipal conflict, the id/ego/super-ego dynamic, blood symbolism, the hero’s journey, numeric symbolism, the role of magical items, and the integration of good and evil aspects. Through this exploration, we will gain insight into the profound messages embedded in this ageless tale.
One of the central tropes in “Beauty and the Beast” is the oedipal conflict, which revolves around Belle’s complex relationship with her father and the Beast. Belle’s love for the Beast signifies the resolution of this inner conflict, as she must navigate her feelings towards these paternal figures. In the tale, Belle declares, “I love you, Father, but I must save the Beast, for he has shown me the true meaning of love” (Disney). This emphasizes her love for both father and Beast, highlighting the resolution of her oedipal conflict.
The id/ego/super-ego dynamic is profoundly represented through the character of the Beast. His transformation from a primitive, self-centered creature to a noble and controlled individual illustrates the struggle between his id and ego. Belle’s influence serves as the super-ego, guiding the Beast toward personal growth. This transformation is evident when the Beast says, “I was ruled by my primal desires, but your kindness awakened the better parts of me” (Disney).
The motif of blood and sacrifice is evident when Belle willingly offers herself in her father’s place in the Beast’s castle. This act of sacrificial love signifies the shedding of blood and is pivotal in her transformation and the Beast’s redemption. In the tale, Belle’s sacrifice is depicted as the pivotal moment: “Belle cut her hand to save her father, and her love for the Beast began to heal his wounds” (Disney).
Belle’s journey in “Beauty and the Beast” epitomizes the hero’s journey. She begins as an ordinary young woman and, through her courage, kindness, and moral strength, evolves into a heroic figure. Her actions and decisions play a vital role in her character development and ultimate transformation. As she reflects, “I started as a simple village girl, but my journey here has made me stronger and braver” (Disney).
Numeric symbolism is skillfully integrated into the narrative. The story unfolds around three central characters: Belle, Beast, and Gaston, symbolizing the id/ego/super-ego dynamic. Additionally, the tale progresses in seven days, signifying completeness and echoing the seven days of creation. The narrative subtly reinforces this symbolism through the mention of seven days when Belle promises to return: “I will return in seven days, for seven is a complete cycle of time” (Disney).
The presence of a magical item, the enchanted rose, adds depth to the story. It symbolizes the Beast’s transformation and underscores the urgency of his change as time steadily runs out. The rose’s significance is emphasized as the Beast says, “My fate is bound to this rose, which reminds me that time is running out for me to change” (Disney).
Through Belle’s love and kindness, the Beast undergoes a profound transformation. This symbolizes the integration of his previously separated good and evil aspects, marking the resolution of inner conflicts. The Beast acknowledges this transformation: “Your love has brought harmony to the warring parts of my soul” (Disney).
Incorporating Bruno Bettelheim’s insights from “The Uses of Enchantment: The Meaning and Importance of Fairy Tales,” we gain a deeper understanding of how “Beauty and the Beast” imparts crucial life lessons. According to Bettelheim, “Fairy tales serve as mirrors to our inner struggles and personal growth, reflecting our deepest conflicts and desires” (Bettelheim 85). Here, Bettelheim emphasizes the psychological significance of fairy tales.
In conclusion, “Beauty and the Beast” serves as a compelling narrative that reminds us of the intricacies of self-discovery and transformation. Through the clever use of literary and psychological tropes, it conveys profound messages about love, inner conflict resolution, and the hero’s journey. This timeless tale continues to enchant and enlighten readers, echoing its enduring significance in the realm of fairy tales.
Works Cited
BETTELHEIM, BRUNO. The Uses of Enchantment: The Meaning and Importance of Fairy Tales. VINTAGE Books, 2010.
Woolverton, Linda, et al. Disney’s Beauty and the Beast Dvd. Walt Disney Pictures Walt Disney Feature Animation., 1991, https://www.amazon.com/gp/video/detail/B01HE0A904/ref=atv_dp_share_cu_r. Accessed 1991.
